{"id":1884,"date":"2022-10-20T10:52:12","date_gmt":"2022-10-20T05:22:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/?p=1884"},"modified":"2025-04-22T13:03:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T07:33:41","slug":"mistreated-by-the-police-heres-how-to-file-a-complaint-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/mistreated-by-the-police-heres-how-to-file-a-complaint-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Mistreated By The Police? Here\u2019s How To File A Complaint In India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Harassed by Police? You\u2019re Not Powerless<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wrongfully accused? Slapped, abused, or mentally harassed by the very people meant to protect you? You\u2019re not alone and more importantly, <strong>you have legal rights<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether the police refused to register your FIR, misused their power, or detained you illegally, Indian law provides <strong>clear mechanisms<\/strong> to file a complaint and demand action. This blog explains, step-by-step, how you can file a police complaint in India <strong>in person, online, or through human rights authorities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Counts as Police Misconduct in India?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You can file a <strong>complaint against the police<\/strong> if you have faced any of the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verbal or physical abuse during questioning or custody<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unlawful detention or arrest without warrant or cause (BNSS Section 35, 43)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>False FIRs or fabricated charges to harass or trap<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Refusal to register your FIR (see Lalita Kumari Case)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Custodial torture or psychological intimidation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Threats to withdraw a complaint or compromise your rights<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignfull has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile has-background\" style=\"background-color:#cbcbcb\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color\" style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Need A Legal Advice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-extra-small-font-size\">The internet is not a lawyer and neither are you. Talk to a real lawyer about your legal issue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/talk-to-lawyer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Talk to a Lawyer<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/talk-to-lawyer\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"200\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/talk-to-lawyer-black-logo.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1667 size-full lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/talk-to-lawyer-black-logo.png 400w, https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/talk-to-lawyer-black-logo-300x150.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 400\/200;\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Legal Ways to File a Complaint Against the Police in India<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Approach the Police Complaints Authority (PCA):<\/strong> Established in many states as per the Prakash Singh judgment, PCAs handle complaints against police officers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>File a First Information Report (FIR):<\/strong> If applicable, at the nearest police station. If the police refuse, you can approach the Superintendent of Police or file a complaint under Section 156(3) of CrPc, Now 175(3) BNSSof before a Magistrate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Call Senior Police Officers : <\/strong>Dial the <strong>Duty Officer<\/strong> or contact the <strong>District Superintendent of Police or \u00a0 Superintendent of Police (SP)<\/strong>. Their numbers are usually listed online or on your local police website.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Send Your Complaint in Writing<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Not comfortable visiting the station? Send a detailed written complaint to:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Station House Officer (SHO)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>District SP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>State Police Complaint Authority<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">You can also email these authorities.\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Mention:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Date, time, and location of the incident<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Names\/designations of officers involved (if known)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nature of misconduct<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Any available proof (photos, medical reports, call logs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Use Online Platforms<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Many Indian states now have online complaint portals:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Delhi Police Online Complaint<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UP Police Portal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Grievance Redressal (PGPortal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These allow you to upload supporting documents and track your complaint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n <div class=\"ast-oembed-container\"><iframe title=\"Easiest steps to file complaint against police\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7UtLOb1pNVg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contact Human Rights Commissions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If the local police take no action, escalate to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>State Human Rights Commission<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>State or District Police Complaint Authority<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Judicial Remedies:\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File a writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution in the High Court for violation of fundamental rights.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Some\u00a0 Real Life Examples: When You Should Complain<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cI Was Slapped in Custody for Asking a Question\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This is <strong>physical abuse<\/strong> and a clear case of custodial violence. File a complaint and seek medical documentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cThe Police Refused to Register My FIR\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>You can escalate to the SP, complain on <strong>PGPortal<\/strong>, or invoke <strong>Lalita Kumari ruling.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cMy Brother Was Arrested Without a Warrant\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Likely an <strong>unlawful arrest<\/strong>. Approach the Magistrate or file a complaint under <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/bnss-section-210-cognizance-of-offences-by-magistrate\">Section 210 of BNSS.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step-by-Step: How to File the Complaint<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Write Down Everything: <\/strong>Date, time, place, what happened, what was said, names of officers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Collect Supporting Evidence: <\/strong>Photos, video, CCTV, audio clips, medical records<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Choose How to File: <\/strong>Walk-in, email\/post, online portal, or senior officer complaint<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Request Acknowledgment: <\/strong>Ask for a Dairy Number or complaint reference ID<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Follow Up &amp; Escalate if Needed: <\/strong>If there\u2019s no response in 15\u201330 days, escalate to NHRC or District Authority<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Get Legal Support: <\/strong>Don\u2019t wait. Talk to a lawyer or legal aid organization immediately<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Happens After You File a Police Complaint?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An internal inquiry may begin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You could be called to provide a statement or evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In serious cases, the matter may go to <strong>court<\/strong>, or <strong>NHRC intervention<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You can also file a <strong>private complaint under Section 200 CrPC<\/strong> with a Magistrate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inaction? Escalate to the <strong>State Human Rights Commission<\/strong> or Police Complaint Authority<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Know Your Rights Under Indian Law<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>BNSS 2023<\/strong> &amp; <strong>CrPC 1973<\/strong> protect you from illegal detention<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 21 (Right to Life &amp; Liberty)<\/strong> guarantees protection against custodial violence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SC Guidelines<\/strong> ensure your FIR cannot be denied without written refusal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LandMark Judgment-\u00a0\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prakash Singh &amp; Ors vs Union of India (2006)AIR 2006 SC 2177<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In this landmark judgment, the Supreme Court issued comprehensive guidelines to reform the police system in India and ensure public accountability. Key directions included:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Establishing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/how-to-handle-harassment-by-police-in-india\/\"><strong>Police Complaints Authorities<\/strong> <\/a>at both state and district levels to independently investigate complaints against police personnel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forming <strong>Police Establishment Boards<\/strong> to handle transfers, promotions, and service-related matters, thereby insulating the police from political interference.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensuring <strong>transparency and independence<\/strong> in police functioning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This judgment laid the foundation for meaningful police reform across the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Devendra Prasad Singh vs State of Bihar 2019 SCC Online SC 1447<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No prior sanction is required under Section 197 of the Criminal Procedure Code to prosecute a police officer for actions not connected to their official duty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The judgment emphasized that procedural protections should not become shields for police officers who engage in abuse or illegal acts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This decision strengthened access to justice for victims of police misconduct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Somnath vs State of Maharashtra (2024) 2024 SCC Online SC 111<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this recent case, the Supreme Court:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Upheld the High Court&#8217;s decision to grant compensation to the petitioner for custodial abuse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Held that the dignity and liberty of individuals cannot be violated under the guise of law enforcement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Directed that strict action be taken against the officers responsible for custodial torture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This ruling sends a strong signal that abuse of power by law enforcement will not be tolerated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ratna Chandrakant Vannam v. Tukaram K. Jadhav (Bombay High Court, 2024 BHC-AS44106-DB<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the Bombay High Court:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Awarded <strong>\u20b91 lakh as compensation<\/strong> for <strong>unlawful arrest<\/strong> by a police officer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Held that <strong>arbitrary actions by the police amount to a gross violation of personal liberty<\/strong>, protected under Article 21 of the Constitution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Criticized the conduct of the officer and emphasized the need for <strong>individual accountability<\/strong> in law enforcement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Police officers are entrusted with protecting citizens, not abusing power. If you\u2019ve experienced police harassment, your complaint could stop the same from happening to others. If you haven\u2019t done anything wrong, then there is no need to fear police officials. No one is above the law, and every person is equal in the eyes of the law. The Constitution is supreme, and India is a state governed by the Constitution and its citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/talk-to-lawyer\"><strong>talk to lawyer<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>from Lead India for any kind of legal support. In India,<strong> <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/ask-free-question\"><strong>free legal advice<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>online can be obtained at Lead India. Along with receiving free legal advice online, one can also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/ask-free-question\"><strong>ask questions<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>to the experts online free through Lead India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQs About Police Misconduct Complaints in India<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q1. What is considered police misconduct in India<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Verbal\/physical abuse, unlawful arrest, false FIRs, or refusal to register a valid FIR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q2. How can I file a police complaint in India<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>You can file in person, online (via PGPortal or state police websites), email, or by post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q3. What should I include in my complaint<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Incident details\u2014date, time, place, officer\u2019s name, proof (photos, witnesses, documents).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q4. What happens after filing a complaint<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Your complaint may lead to an internal inquiry or legal action depending on severity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q5. What if police ignore my complaint<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Escalate to the SP, file a CrPC Section 200 complaint, or approach NHRC or Police Complaint Authority.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Harassed by Police? You\u2019re Not Powerless Wrongfully accused? Slapped, abused, or mentally harassed by the very people meant to protect you? You\u2019re not alone and more importantly, you have legal rights. Whether the police refused to register your FIR, misused their power, or detained you illegally, Indian law provides clear mechanisms to file a complaint &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leadindia.law\/blog\/en\/mistreated-by-the-police-heres-how-to-file-a-complaint-in-india\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Mistreated By The Police? Here\u2019s How To File A Complaint In India<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6408,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[471,912,139,534],"class_list":["post-1884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-legal-issues","tag-complaint","tag-complaint-against-police","tag-police","tag-police-officer"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mistreated By The Police? Here\u2019s How To File A Complaint In India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Faced police misconduct in India? 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