ISO certification is a legal requirement for the industries operating. In the process of certification, companies that are committed to both quality standards, as well as quality management systems, are identified for meeting the standards. ISO provides several standards that cover suppliers, products as well as a management process. Companies bearing ISO certification assure the consumers regarding the quality of the product and services. The process including the need and requirement of ISO certification has been discussed below. Further important types of ISO standards have also been discussed briefly.

ISO stands for International Standard for Organisation. It is an independent international organisation that is responsible for developing International Standards. Some of the International Standards include ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. However, there is no involvement of ISO Certification by this organisation and no ISO certificates are issued by the ISO. The certification process of ISO is conducted by several other external certification bodies. ISO certification is an important aspect as it gives credit where it is demonstrated that the product or service of the company is at par with the standards as well as meets the expectations of the consumers. Based on the system of voluntary independent audits, ISO certification is achieved and maintained. This accountability ensures that the quality of the products as well as services is maintained and improved by the organisation.

When an organisation bears the ISO certification, it implies that there is continuous development and maintenance in the operation of the business. The process of development in ISO certification is achieved by measuring and comparing the performance of the business for providing quality standards. The goal of the ISO quality standard is to meet the expectations of the consumer and deliver according to the satisfaction of the customer.

Before ISO certification, one needs to select a certification body as ISO does not provide certification for the business. Some of the types of ISO certification available are,
 

• ISO 9001 200 provides for Quality Management System
• ISO 14001 provides for Environmental Management
• ISO 27001 provides for Information Security Management
• ISO 2208 provides for Food Safety Management.

As mentioned earlier, ISO certification is a commitment by the companies for providing quality service and products and operating good business practises. Quality and consumer satisfaction are emphasised by the ISO standards. As no certification is provided by the ISO to the companies, it is obtained from external bodies. One must first choose the credible certification body as well as the ISO registrar before going for ISO certification. Before choosing an ISO registrar, one should evaluate various ISO certification bodies to determine if CASCO standards are being followed. ISO has a committee known as CASCO that works on issues concerning conformity assessment. Following are the steps for the ISO certification in India.

• Making an application- After selecting the ISO certification body, the applicant is required to make the application in the form prescribed by the ISO registrar. In this application, the rights as well as obligations of the applicant, say an entrepreneur is mentioned. It also contains the parties who are to be certified along with their liability issues, confidentiality, and rights to access.
• Review of the document by Registrar- Quality manuals as well as documents are reviewed by the ISO certification body concerning several policies and methods that are followed in the functioning of the business. This ensures the identification of things lacking against the requirement for ISO standards.
• Pre-Assessment Needs- The initial review of the Quality Management system is the pre-assessment. It helps the organisation in identifying significant omissions in the system as well as the registrar. Therefore, an opportunity for correcting errors or omissions is provided by conducting a pre-assessment.
• Preparing an action plan- An action plan is prepared by the organisation on getting the report of missing gaps or errors in the application by the ISO registrar. The action plan is prepared for eliminating these errors or omissions. To meet the Quality Management System, a list of tasks is to be mentioned in the action plan. This list of tasks is further performed by the organisation.
• Onsite inspection- This process involves auditing by the ISO registrar for making the required changes in the organisation. The auditing process is further divided into two stages.

1. First Stage- Any such thing is found out by the registrar during auditing which does not meet the requirement of ISO standards then findings are issued by the registrar. The register also serves the part of the auditing which fails to meet the ISO standards. Based on the non-conformities and severity, audit findings can be either a minor non-conformance or a major non-conformance.
2. Final Stage- Without closing all the significant non-conformities and verifying them, the registrar does not proceed with registration. An action plan for correcting minor nonconformities is made and closed.

• Obtaining ISO certification- ISO certification is granted after all the nonconformities have been addressed along with the findings in the ISO audit report unambiguously.

Following are the advantages of ISO certification-
 

• International credibility
• Consumer satisfaction
• Helps while applying government tenders
• Efficiency and improvement in the functioning of the business
• Matching the product quality with international ISO standards helps develop consumer satisfaction and reduces rejection
• Marketability- aids in growth of the business marketing directly.

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